SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR AGRICULTURE USING IOT
Abstract : The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existinginfrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit in addition to reduced human intervention. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuatorsand connectivity which enables these objects to connect and exchange data. Each thing is uniquely identifiable through its embedded computing system but is able to inter-operate within the existing Internet infrastructure.
In the proposed system, both GSM and Bluetooth modules are interfaced with the 8-bit microcontroller. GSM is used for remote monitoring and controlling the devices via messages and Bluetooth was also used for the same purpose but within a range of few meters which eliminates the cost of network usage to a great extent. If the moisture or temperature exceeds the predefined threshold values then the system informs the user via SMS from the GSM Module to the user's smartphone and actions will be taken by the user accordingly. But this system was not efficient for strong real-time monitoring the ARM control based Drip irrigation system for sensing various parameters of the soil.
It is observed when using remote control sensing problem may arise while using ZigBee Bluetooth the area of coverage is limited in existing system the usage of ZigBee will cover small distance of area. For Particular distance only we can use ZigBee In using remote control, sensing problem will arise with the sensors. Another way of using GPRS we have to connect internet that leads to data loss. Use GSM for sending only the sms to the user.
The proposed project includes systemstructure, hardware circuits and software program for IoT based automatic irrigation system. In this project, soil moisture sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, water level sensor and PIR sensor are used. The main aim of this system is to develop low cost automatic irrigation system to monitor the condition of the soil. This system reduces manpower and water wastage.
Even though output of rectifier circuit is DC it is not smooth or fixed DC. So filter circuits are used to convert rippling DC to smooth DC. The filter circuit is a capacitor, connected parallel to the output of rectifier circuit. This smooth DC voltage will be in the range of 12+volt. But we require only 5V supply for the operation of micro controllers and it is supporting components. Here again regulator ICs such as 7805 is used to regulate the incoming 12VDC to fixed regulated 5V as output. This DC regulated 5V is applied to the circuits.
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