Design and Implementation of Low-Cost SMS Based Monitoring System of Distribution Transformers

Abstract : Gathering information from distribution transformers is very important in order to monitor and control the entire electric distribution grid efficiently and reliably. It acts as a decision support system to assist the grid operation engineers with information helps to estimate the load, fix problems and identify the week points in the grid. The objective of this paper is to build a system to acquire the remote electrical signals from distribution transformers such as voltage, current, power and temperature; then send these values to a monitoring node via Short Message Service, SMS, along with exact date and time of measuring. At the monitoring node, software is built to receive the information, save into databases and also display the data on a screen for use by the operation engineers. Tests conducted on the system have shown that the monitoring node continues to receive periodic status data. Observed Intermittent delay is attributed to the congestion in the Global System for Mobile Communications, GSM network.
 EXISTING SYSTEM :
 ? The monitoring devices or systems which are presently used for monitoring distribution transformer exist some problems and deficiencies. ? While some ways could detect multi parameter, the time of acquisition and operation parameters is too long, and testing speed is not fast enough. ? Timely detection data will not be sent to monitoring centers in time, which can not judge distribution transformers three-phase equilibrium. ? The embedded module is located at the transformer site. It is utilized to acquire, process, display, transmit and receive the parameters to/ from the GSM modem.
 DISADVANTAGE :
 ? Monitoring the transformers for problems before they occur can prevent faults that are costly to fix and result in a loss of service life. ? System will help the system to run under reliable condition and identify problems before any failure. ? This will help to identify problems before any serious failure which leads to a significant cost savings and greater reliability. ? As hydrogen is a key gas for problems in the active part, an increase in the output signal of the sensor is an indication for irregularities such as partial discharge or hot spots.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM :
 • When using GSM networks, proposed system will act as an embedded system which can monitor and control transformers through SMS using service available on most digital mobile phones and modems that allows sending and receiving of short messages. • The proposed methodology is based on robust technology meets safety reliability and fastest in operation. • It consists of a sensing system, signal conditioning electronic circuit, controller. • It is installed at the transformer site and the finding parameters recorded using the analog to digital converter of the embedded system.
 ADVANTAGE :
 ? Gathering information from distribution transformers such as voltage, current and temperature is very important in order to monitor and sometimes control the entire distribution network efficiently and reliably. ? The main objective of program at monitoring node is to assist the operator engineer to communicate with a system easily and efficiently through the use of symbols. ? In power systems, a distribution transformer is an electrical device that provides the final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution side, stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by the customers.

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