Distribution Line Fault Detection & GSM Module Based Fault Signaling System
Abstract : Any distribution network is prone to faults, and intermittency in power availability creates loss for the supplier as well as user. Majorly, a supply line can be effected by conditions of overvoltage and overcurrent, also under-voltage condition. During the occurrence of any fault, the incident goes unreported for long duration. Manual reporting can lead to long outage time. To overcome this problem, a GSM based signaling system is developed that will detect the changes in voltage-current parameter, and using a microcontroller based circuit, the faults can be classified based on comparison values obtained from rated parameters of the distribution substation. To overcome these, we are proposing a GSM based transmission line fault detection System. Whenever the preset threshold is crossed, the microcontroller instantly initiates a message to be sent to the area lineman and the Control Station stating the exact pole to pole location. This helps us to realize an almost real time system. The real intention of detecting fault in real time and protecting the transformer at the earliest is realized.
? There are several existing systems that can be deployed but however they all have their respective limitations for electrical applications.
? Basically, faults can exist in four forms: they include line-toline fault, double line-to-ground fault, single line-to-ground fault and three phase fault.
? Whenever the set threshold is bridged, the system sends an instant message to the utility mobile phone, stating the existing fault and the location using the GSM modem.
? The real purpose of detecting fault in real time is to protect the transformer at the earliest.
? The line operators possess little safety equipment, there exists a chance for accidents due to unexpected errors.
? It considered the fault location problem as a parameter estimation of a dynamic system and compared the response of the physical system with that of a lumped parameter model.
? As a solution to these problems, a system that is working on GSM will be very useful in distribution network & transmission line which can sense the fault in the system.
? The impact can bring about a short or long-term loss of the electric power in an area. Prompt attention to power transmission faults is very vital in power systems, avoiding harm and instability to the system.
? In distribution line many faults detection and indication to Electricity Board (EB) deals with the problem of detecting the fault in the transmission lines and the automatic hint to EB.
• To overcome these challenges, a power transmission monitoring and fault detection system using GSM technology is proposed.
• To overcome these, a GSM based monitoring and fault detection system is proposed to help monitor power transmission parameters.
• The purpose of testing, an electric iron device was used, as it had a befitting current rating of 1000W.
• In this proposed system the control (ON/OFF) of the electrical lines lies with line man.
• This proposes greatly reduces the manpower, saves time and operates efficiently without human interference.
? Remote data communication and monitoring is supported by SMS due to it bi-directional data transfer and it stable performance.
? The efficiency of power systems is largely determined by the effectiveness of the inbuilt power equipment.
? Monitoring transmission parameters for faults and quick isolation of the system from faults helps to improve the efficiency of the power systems reliability.
? These are used to sense the current in the line when the fault had occurred.
? It decides that the GSM technology used for the fault detection of three phase line through calls and messages is given to the In-charges of that location, by the means of communication protection layouts.
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