The Module Switching Mechanism for Power-Constrained Devices in LTE and NB-IoT Interworking Networks

Abstract : The dual mode technology has been adopted to support smart devices to connect to both the NB-IoT and the LTE simultaneously. How to reduce the power consumption of a smart device with limited battery capacity has been treated as an important issue. In this paper, we propose the Module Switching Mechanism (MSM) that consists of the PS scheme and the AWU scheme to reduce the power consumption for dual-mode smart devices. In the PS scheme, the NB-IoT module (i.e., UE N ) is always on, and the LTE transceiver module on/off is controlled by two proposed timers, T L and T R , to reduce unnecessary power consumption. In the AWU scheme, the LTE transceiver module can be turned on through NB-IoT module to lower the call dropping probability. We propose the analytical models and conduct simulation experiments to study the performances of MSM in terms of the power saving ratio (R S ) and the call dropping probability (P B ).

 EXISTING SYSTEM :

 ? Operators can choose from several cellular IoT technologies based on their spectrum portfolio, existing networks, and requirements of their offered services. ? To legacy operators, IoT services should ideally be able to leverage their existing infrastructure and co-exist with other services. ? These activities most closely align with the existing activities of M2M business units. ? To legacy operators, IoT services should ideally be able to leverage their existing cellular infrastructure and co-exist with other non-IoT services in the same network and spectrum. ? It was decided to focus the study on Layer 2 relaying, which is believed to bring many benefits in comparison to the already existing framework.

 DISADVANTAGE :

 ? In this paper we take forward our research, investigating among other issues the use of the recent narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) standard, which is currently considered the reference cellular technology for IoT communications for the next 5G systems. ? However, some open issues still need careful investigation. An example is the risk of threats to privacy and security when IoT mobile services rely on D2D communications. ? However, there are still several open issues that need to be solved in order to achieve a seamless, effective, and reliable deployment of proximity-based communications for IoT systems . ? Security is one of the key issues for an effective and widespread adoption of D2D communications in IoT scenarios.

 PROPOSED SYSTEM :

 • In simple terms, the purpose of any IoT device is to connect with other IoT devices and applications (cloudbased mostly) to relay information using internet transfer protocols. • These devices are designed to address a specific purpose, for example, a small sensing device just to collect and transmit raw data, rather than a highly capable device with full in-built computing to perform data analysis in place. • It quickly becomes an essential requirement to be able to scale solutions across wide-spread market demands. • These devices are expected to be in operation for years with zero to very low maintenance to keep the operation cost as low as possible.

 ADVANTAGE :

 ? A performance evaluation study shows that the negative effects due to malicious nodes can be drastically reduced by adopting the proposed solution. ? The performance metrics that proved to benefit from the proposed solution are data loss, energy consumption, and content uploading time. ? Through simulation-based performance evaluations, we show that it is possible to significantly reduce the impact of malicious behaviors on the performance of involved devices, with gains in terms of data loss, energy consumption, and data uploading time. ? The performance parameters we focus on for the system-level performance are: (1) data loss; (2) average data uploading time gain; and (3) average energy consumption gain.