AUTOMATIC DRILLING AND TAPPING MACHINE
Abstract : A device, usually motor-driven, fitted with an end cutting tool that is rotated with sufficient power either to create a hole or to enlarge an existing hole in a solid material and also known as driller. Tapping is the process of making thread inside the drilled hole. This operation requires less force to operate.
In this project the drilling machine uses pneumatic power in stead of motor power. The drilling operation is carried with the help of pneumatic cylinder which provide the up down motion to the drill tool. This project is very useful in industrial companies in order to save the time and manpower. This type of drilling machine consumes less time for operation and also no man power is required. After completion of drilling operation, the tapping process is carried out with the help of pneumatic power. In this arrangement the tapping tool is inserted in the machine tool head in stead of drilling tool. So that making the thread on the plate becomes very simple by implementing the tapping operation in the drilling machine. Time control unit is used to control the drilling operation time in the machine. This automatic is only applicable for continuous operation of drilling. Tapping operation requires less working force so that this force is provided by gearing arrangement. So this makes less revolution during the tapping operation.
Rotary bearings hold rotating components such as shafts or axles within mechanical systems, and transfer axial and radial loads from the source of the load to the structure supporting it. The simplest form of bearing, the plain bearing, consists of a shaft rotating in a hole. Lubrication is used to reduce friction. In the ball bearing and roller bearing, to reduce sliding friction, rolling elements such as rollers or balls with a circular cross-section are located between the races or journals of the bearing assembly. A wide variety of bearing designs exists to allow the demands of the application to be correctly met for maximum efficiency, reliability, durability and performance.
Compared to other rolling-element bearings, the ball bearing is the least expensive, primarily because of the low cost of producing the balls used in the bearing. There are several common designs of ball bearing, each offering various trade-offs. They can be made from many different materials, including: stainless steel, chrome steel, and ceramic. A hybrid ball bearing is a bearing with ceramic balls and races of metal.
Roller bearings are one of the most widely used industrial bearings. They are called as roller bearings because they are able to carry a load by placing round elements between the two pieces. With the movement of the two pieces, these round elements roll, thereby helping to carry the load.
The main advantage of an all pneumatic system are usually economic and simplicity the latter reducing maintenance to a low level. It can also have out standing advantages in terms of safety.
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