Building Integrated Photo-voltaic (BIPV) potential assessment and visualisation using LOD-1 3D City Model
ABSTARCT :
Description: Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems are the solar power generating products or systems that are seamlessly integrated into the building envelop. The satellite data from Indian Satellites such as Cartosat-2/3 and Cartosat-1 are capable of generating 3D city models up to LoD-1. These LoD1 models, which are derived by extruding a footprint to a uniform height, can be used for simulating building shadows.
This project aims to develop an interactive application for assessing BIPV potential using LOD-1 3D city model. It will involve simulating shadow of adjoining buildings on each face of the building and estimating incident solar energy on the vertical face of the building. The application will render the building surface according to available BIPV potential.
Challenge: * 3D Visualisation of LOD-1 City Model * Simulating Building Shadows in 3D * 3D Rendering of BIPV Potential on Building Usage:
Application of Space-based inputs for Renewable Energy Users: The application will be deployed on VEDAS portal's '3D City Model and Rooftop Solar Potential' application. It will be usefu for Policy-makers (State & Central Government), Solar Energy Solution Providers, Architects and citizens.
Available Solutions (if Yes, reasons for not using them): Commercial Architectural Packages like Autodesk are suitable for building-level analysis and require substantial level of details. 3D GIS packages such as ESRI City Engine or Cesium provide visualisation capabilities.
Software for city-wide BIPV potential estimation are currently not available in public domain. Desired Outcome: An interactive application where user provides a date (for calculating sun-position) and daily Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) value, and the application generates corresponding 3D city model rendered according to incident solar energy for that day.
The application also provide total BIPV and rooftop PV energy potential available in the building.
EXISTING SYSTEM :
Therefore, to accelerate the implementation of BIPV systems, there is an increase in demand for convenient software tools for stakeholders, along with the supply chain and planning process that can be used for design, analysis, and troubleshooting [3].
This report will examine features and functions, as well as potential development and limitations of currently available tools used in BIPV planning process, including tools specifically designed for BIPV and PV tools with capacity to simulate certain BIPV cases.
BIPV design and management tools are analyzed in relation to geophysical, technical, economic and environmental aspects. Moreover, report provides information on limitation and reliability of these tools in different settings and for different BIPV categories, indicating pathways and tools’ selection that would provide the highest confidence and fidelity of results as well as positive user experience throughout the process.
DISADVANTAGE :
Basic Geometric Representation: LOD-1 models typically represent buildings as simple blocks, which do not capture architectural features such as roof slopes, orientations, and the presence of overhangs that are crucial for accurate solar energy assessments.
Lack of Aesthetic Representation: The basic geometric forms in LOD-1 do not provide a realistic visualization of how BIPV systems would look on buildings, making it challenging for stakeholders to understand their integration into the urban landscape.
Simplified Energy Modeling: Performance simulations, including energy yield and financial assessments, may be based on inaccurate or overly simplified assumptions, resulting in misleading conclusions
Compatibility Issues: LOD-1 models may not integrate well with advanced modeling tools or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) that require more detailed data layers for effective analysis and simulation..
PROPOSED SYSTEM :
The 3D City Model Module serves as the foundational layer, generating simple geometric representations of buildings and urban layouts, allowing for rapid visualization of city structures.
Coupled with this is the Solar Radiation Analysis Module, which evaluates solar insolation levels on building surfaces, identifying optimal locations for BIPV installation by accounting for shading effects from nearby structures and vegetation.
The Energy Production Estimation Module leverages solar radiation data to forecast the potential energy output of various BIPV technologies, offering insights into their efficiency and feasibility.
To enhance stakeholder engagement, the Visualization Module generates interactive 3D models that illustrate how BIPV systems would integrate into the urban fabric, enabling decision-makers and community members to visualize potential installations in their neighborhoods.
ADVANTAGE :
Low Resource Requirements: LOD-1 models are simpler and require less computational power and time for generation, making them a cost-effective option for initial assessments of BIPV potential.
Easy to Understand: The straightforward geometric representation makes it easier for non-experts to comprehend and visualize urban layouts, making it useful for preliminary discussions and stakeholder engagement.
Initial Screening Tool: LOD-1 models can serve as effective tools for broad assessments of potential solar energy generation across urban areas, allowing for the identification of suitable zones for BIPV installations without detailed analysis.
Compatibility with GIS Tools: LOD-1 models can be easily integrated with GIS platforms, allowing for the analysis of spatial relationships, land use, and environmental factors that influence solar energy generation.
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