TRENDS IN VEHICLE CONCEPT AND KEY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR HYBRID AND BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Abstract : ABSTRACT
This paper deals a detailed study, control and energy management of a solar vehicle Multisource Power Supply. A PVG is used as the principal energy source and the batteries are used as secondary/storage source. The use of this last source can reduce strongly the power stress imposed on the primary source. The power sources (PVG- battery) are connected to the DC bus by two DC / DC converters to establish the power transmission to the traction part. The main source (PVG) is connected to a Boost converter which controlled by an MPPT strategy. Finally an energy management strategy based on satisfying the load power requirement is used, for this reason a DC-DC buck-boost converter to control batteries bank is used. The modeling of the system allowed to test the control strategy for this vehicle with an NEDC urban cycle. The issue of vehicle hijacking or car theft due to easy access to vehicle’s functional system can be reduced by using a biometric system. The starting of vehicle’s engine as the necessity of protection and access restriction in many luxurious assets is now very important . These injuries could be reduced to a large extent by use of helmets. Thus it is suggested to wear helmet for every rider. In this work, we suggest a helmet integrated system with bike ignition which could ensure the use of helmet by the user.
The main contribution of this paper consists in the formulation of a multi-period optimal operation problem for planning purposes including RE and hybrid (ultra capacitors and batteries) ESSs integration and considering the regenerative braking capabilities of trains, with the aim to analyze the renewable generation impact, the behavior of ESSs and energy and economic savings in ERSs, improving the system efficiency. The proposed tool is intended for operation planning.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
This new paradigm creates multiple operational scenarios adding complexity to the development of suitable and appropriate energy management solutions.
The uncertainties associated to renewable energies are taken into account through a scenario tree approach. All these elements are integrated into a multi-period AC optimal power flow problem. This problem is then cast as a large-scale non-linear optimization problem.
The proposed versatile EV charging station, which is based on the concept of MIMO converter with integrated split battery energy storage.
It consists of three conversion stages:
The transformer less active front
The stationary batteries with the associated interface solution (split storage); and
The high –frequency transformer-based dc/dc converters (isolation stage).
Regarding the implementation of the power interface between the MIMO converter and the EV batteries (isolation stage),
The basic requirements that it should fulfill are the following:
1)very low charging current ripple;
2) current and voltage control capability; and
3) galvanic isolation.
Soft switching over a wide operating range is also favorable since it implies the reduction of passive components through an increase in the switching frequency without affecting significantly the converter efficiency.
Hybridization of Energy Sources.
The loads power can be flexibly distributed between input sources. (Solar, Dynamo, EBsource)
Charging or discharging of energy storages by other input sources can be controlled properly.
Several outputs with same voltage levels which makes it suitable for interfacing split battery Management for fast charging.
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