Fingerprint authentication in file transmition
Abstract : Biometric systems are increasingly replacing traditional password- and token-based authentication systems. Security and recognition accuracy are the two most important aspects to consider in designing a biometric system. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented to shed light on the latest developments in the study of fingerprint-based biometrics covering these two aspects with a view to improving system security and recognition accuracy. Based on a thorough analysis and discussion, limitations of existing research work are outlined and suggestions for future work are provided. It is shown in the paper that researchers continue to face challenges in tackling the two most critical attacks to biometric systems, namely, attacks to the user interface and template databases. How to design proper countermeasures to thwart these attacks, thereby providing strong security and yet at the same time maintaining high recognition accuracy, is a hot research topic currently, as well as in the foreseeable future. Moreover, recognition accuracy under non-ideal conditions is more likely to be unsatisfactory and thus needs particular attention in biometric system design. Related challenges and current research trends are also outlined in this paper.
? It was necessary to accurately and consistently detect and identify minutiae existing in the captured image.
? Although no standard exists for fingerprint image quality, NIST has researched the relationship between calculated image quality (using algorithms similar to those employed by AFIS vendors) and successful match rates in automated fingerprint identification systems.
? The enhancement algorithms can suppress various types of noise (e.g., another latent print, background color) in the fingerprint image and highlight the existing useful features.
? Many fingerprint minutiae-matching algorithms exist and they all differ from one another.
? The security issues (e.g., spoofing attacks, attacks to biometric templates) analyzed for a general biometric system are also valid to any biometric system on different platforms, for example, a mobile platform.
? The key point of this problem is to find and use a set of unique patterns to generate a classifier that outputs the probability of a fingerprint image.
? Some researchers realized this problem and thus developed biometric cryptosystems with revocability, so as to enhance system security.
? Although fingerprint recognition shows substantial strength and a prosperous future, it has some unsolved issues, such as insufficient accuracy and security concerns.
• Most of the continuous classification techniques proposed in the literature use the orientation image as an initial feature but differ in the transformation adopted to create the final vectors, and in the distance measure.
• Both proposed to use a “flying spot scanner” for capturing the image. But each offered a different approach for processing the captured image data, and both seemed promising.
• These standards bodies do not “invent” or “create” standards but rather provide processes that authorized bodies can use to propose standards for approval at the national level and then at the international level.
? Relevant benefits of using both features and performance improvement were achieved and reported in the paper.
? System performance is controlled by a threshold value in the squared error layer.
? The proposed scheme achieves the best performance when the length of the feature vector is set to 1024 bits and provides strong data privacy and security.
? In the meantime, a Delaunay triangulation-based local structure proposed in the scheme can reduce the negative effect of nonlinear distortion on matching performance.
? To further enhance security and recognition performance, some researchers proposed use of multimodal cancelable biometrics.
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