Strategic Topological Formation for Wireless Control Systems
Abstract : The excessive use of nodes and communication links in a wireless control system (WCS) causes unnecessary utilization of resources. In this article, a strategic topological formation is studied for a WCS, where a previously proposed topology consisting of a plant system, a controller system, and an intermediate network system is further developed. More specifically, this article presents a modeling framework and a design procedure for the topology that results in the utilization of a reduced number of nodes and communication links. It also discusses several conditions for the connectivity of the nodes under different topological scenarios. This article uses a four-tank process system as an application example to demonstrate the strategic topological formation of its WCS.
? It is designed for embedded systems with small amounts of memory. Contiki permits to use of two different communication stacks: uIP and Rime. uIP is a light version of the TCP/IP stack.
? Rime is a communication stack existing of a lot of very light layers, easy to understand and adapt.
? The Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) algorithm connects all nodes avoiding the formation of closed circuits. MST is not local and not based on path loss (RSSI).
? A local version of the algorithm exists and the algorithm can be based on the path loss (i.e. Local MST).
? The Delaunay Triangulation, is the dual of the Voronoi Diagram and connects the nodes u and v if a circle with uv as chord exists without any other node inside.
? The energy consumption increases with increase in the transmitting range. Hence reducing the transmitting range may help in resolving the problem which can be done by the placement of intermediate nodes.
? This problem can be overcome by making use of the nodes whose residual energy is high and randomly using them to play the role of backbone.
? The problems such as collision among the nodes, hidden node problem, idle listening and overhearing are solved by reducing intra-cluster communication for which LEACH uses TDMA.
? To solve this issue there can be an option to select the cluster heads in a random way so that the load can be distributed among the nodes fairly.
• The purpose of this study was to pinpoint the most promising topology control algorithm to be implemented on a real sensor network.
• In this paper we give a review of existing typical swarm models proposed in the literature that could be applied for deploying and controlling groups of unmanned aerial vehicles.
• We propose to develop a topology control protocol inspired by the potential field approach, with some adaptation.
• Topology control algorithms for wireless ad-hoc networks are mainly based on controlling and adapting the transmission power of nodes.
• The absence of central infrastructure implies that an ad hoc network does not have an associated fixed topology.
? The network performance can be improved by the topology control techniques by enhancement in the robustness, reliability, and scalability of the network.
? Various network lifetime definitions used to evaluate the performance of topology control algorithms are highlighted.
? Hence a proper control strategy should be employed such that unused links in the dense network are eliminated without compromising in the performance of the network.
? It can be said that Topology control is one of the technique used in WSNs to conserve the energy and to increase the network lifetime such that network performance with respect to throughput and connectivity are not affected.
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