Development of an alternative technology to check blockage of blood vessels (an alternative to conventional angiography
ABSTARCT :
Background: Angiography is a common medical imaging technique used to visualize the inside of blood vessels and detect blockages. Description: However, typically medical tests like radionuclide angiography involve the use of radioactive contrast agents, which can pose risks to patients, including radiation exposure and allergic reactions.
There is a growing need for safer, non-invasive alternatives that can provide accurate diagnostics without these risks. Expected Solution: The problem statement is to develop a cost-effective, non-invasive technology that can accurately detect blockages in blood vessels without the use of radioactive materials.
This technology should be suitable for widespread clinical use and provide reliable results comparable to conventional angiography.
EXISTING SYSTEM :
Based on the patient's features, the planned type of angiography, and the indication, customized patient preparations are made for conventional angiography.
To reduce the risk of contrast medium-induced nephrotoxicity, all patients undergoing conventional angiography should be adequately hydrated. In some cases, it may be necessary to fast for 6 to 8 hours.
To ensure the safety of the procedure, patients with impaired renal function, diabetics taking metformin, those taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications, and those with a history of iodinated contrast allergy should be adequately examined before angiography.
DISADVANTAGE :
Cost: MRA equipment and procedures can be more expensive than traditional angiography, potentially limiting access.
Duration: The scan can take longer, which may not be ideal in emergency situations where quick assessments are crucial.
Operator Dependency: The accuracy and effectiveness of ultrasound heavily depend on the skill and experience of the technician or physician performing the exam.
Visualization Limitations: Certain areas, particularly deeper vessels or those obscured by bone or gas, may not be visualized clearly
Follow-Up Needs: Alternatives may require additional imaging or tests to confirm findings, increasing overall patient burden and healthcare costs.
PROPOSED SYSTEM :
The system integrates advanced imaging modalities, such as Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and ultrasound, to capture high-resolution images of the vascular structures.
By combining these imaging techniques, NIVAT can provide detailed insights into both large and small blood vessels without the need for invasive procedures.
In addition to imaging, NIVAT features a robust data acquisition module that collects essential patient information and vital signs using non-invasive sensors. This real-time data collection enhances the diagnostic process, allowing for immediate assessment of hemodynamic parameters.
The analysis module employs AI and machine learning algorithms to interpret imaging results, identify blockages, and evaluate blood flow dynamics, thus offering a comprehensive understanding of vascular health.
To enhance clinical decision-making, the visualization module creates 3D reconstructions of the vascular system, allowing healthcare providers to easily visualize areas of concern and communicate findings with patients effectively.
ADVANTAGE :
Patient Comfort: Many alternatives are more comfortable for patients, as they often do not involve catheter insertion or prolonged recovery times.
Reduced Risk of Complications: The risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, or vascular injury is lower with non-invasive imaging techniques.
Cost-Effective: Ultrasound is generally less expensive than other imaging modalities, making it a cost-effective option for routine assessments.
Widespread Availability: CTA is commonly available in many hospitals and imaging centers, making it accessible for patients.
Excellent Soft Tissue Contrast: MRA provides detailed images of blood vessels and surrounding tissues, aiding in the assessment of vascular conditions.
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